TV
Art director
The Art Director realises the Production Designer's creative
vision for all the sets and locations that give productions the look and feel.
In large art departments on television productions, Art
Directors are also responsible for the work schedule and making the best use of
the art department budget. On some TV dramas the art department may consist of
only the Production Designer, Art Director, and Production Buyer, while on
smaller television productions the roles of Production Designer and Art
Director are often combined.
Boom Operator
The Boom Operator is tasked with controlling the long boom
arm, manoeuvring it as close to the action as possible in order to achieve the
best quality sound recording.
TV Boom Operators control the long boom arm, either handheld
or dolly-mounted (on wheels) with the microphone attached, manoeuvring it as
close to the action as possible without getting it in shot, in order to achieve
the best quality sound recording. They work on location and in the studio,
under the supervision of the Sound Supervisor or Sound Recordist.
Camera Operator
The Camera Operators are made to ensuring that cameras and
associated equipment are rigged and ready for the required shots to be taken.
They must be able to multi-task, and to watch, listen and
think on their feet while carrying out complex technical tasks. They supervise
Assistants in moving the camera and carry out simple camera fault diagnosis.
They may work closely with performers, giving them constructive advice in order
to achieve the required composition.
Costume Designer
Costume Designers tasked in being in charge of designing,
creating, acquiring and hiring all costumes for Actors and extras. As well as supervising
practical issues, such as departmental budgets and schedules, the organisation
of running wardrobes, and costume continuity.
Costume Designers' work helps to define the overall ‘look'
of TV productions and films and their role requires a great deal of expertise.
This must be achieved within strict budgets, and to tight schedules. They work
closely with the Production Designer to make sure the costumes fit in with
their overall vision and work with the chosen lighting and camera angles. They
also collaborate with the hair and make-up team to make sure a cohesive look is
created.
Gaffer
Gaffers are tasked with being responsible for all the
practical aspects of lighting sets and locations.
They work on all genres of television programming, including
multi-camera and single camera shoots, in studios, Outside Broadcasts (OBs) and
on locations. They report to the Lighting Director, Director of Photography
(DoP), the lighting company or the production company. From the lighting plan,
Gaffers brief the lighting crew about the production, ensuring that they are
aware of all aspects of the shoot, particularly health and safety requirements,
including use of work equipment and clothing, and working at heights.
Advertising
Account executive
An account executive works
with clients, researching into their market, their services and potential
customers. They devise advertising plans for clients and once approved by the
client will work with colleagues to plan and start on an advertising campaign.
They ensure campaigns run on time and to budget.
Account manager
Account managers in addition to the work of an account
executive an account manager liaises with potential new clients to create new
business for the agency, monitor and evaluate each project and manage a team of
account executives.
Copywriter
Copywriters produce the text/words to accompany an
advertising campaign. Having been briefed on the company and project,
copywriters work with the creative teams brainstorming ideas and presenting
them to clients, adjusting them if necessary, finally ensuring the overall
quality of the work produced.
Media buyer
Media buyers negotiate advertising space in print,
television, the Internet and billboards. Researching into statistics specific
to the customer they use their knowledge of the industry and media owners to
evaluate the most effective advertising method for each project. Also responsible
for meeting targets, ensuring projects stay within budget and understanding the
various contracts involved in their work.
Media planner
Media planners works with clients to enable them to meet
company objectives by using their marketing budget to create advertisement
through the appropriate media platforms. Work includes creating a plan to do
this. Using above the line advertising methods, media planners also
increasingly have to construct advertising campaigns, which target individuals,
use digital methods, product placement and new emerging methods.
Newspapers and Magazines
Reporter
Reporters cover a beat; attend events and talks to sources.
Writes story proposals. Reports and writes stories.
Bureau chief / editor
A Bureau chief / editor hire and evaluate reporters, assigns
beats, responsible for coverage of a geographic area or a topic area. They have
the final say of yes or no to story ideas, and edit a reporter's story
proposals before sending them to a page editor.
Section editors
Section editors are responsible for a feature page, like
Page One Editor, or editor of B1 (Marketplace section), or C1 (Money and
Investing) or D section (Personal Journal). Receives story proposals from
reporters via bureau chiefs and says yes or no.
Copy editors
Copy editors edits for clarity, double-checks numbers and
full, formal names of corporations and people named. Sometimes fills them in
facts that weren't available when story was submitted -- e.g. a reporter can
write, "General Motors shares closed Thursday at a certain piece, down to
a certain percentage at a certain time and the copy editor would fill in the
right number value.
News editors
News editors for less-prominent pages (like a news story
going inside a section, instead of the section front, that did not have a story
proposal), edits the story. Maintain the scandal of which stories are slated to
go on which page and in which editions.
Films
Note: most of the roles for films can be listed above in TV
however for the sake any that I may have missed they shall be listed down here.
Actor
Actors interpret others' words in order to bring a script to
life, and to put flesh and blood on the characters they portray. Theirs is the
public face of a production, representing many others' work and efforts. It is
rare for the public to see the Scriptwriter, the Producer, or the Director -
their perception is based on what the Actors portray on screen. They usually
work across television, theatre, film and radio, each requiring some specific
skills. Some may also work as models or provide voice-overs for commercials,
documentaries, talking books, dubbed foreign language films, etc.
Casting Director
In pre-production, Casting Directors work with both the
Director and Producer to assemble the perfect cast for the film. As a result,
Casting Directors must have in-depth and up-to-date knowledge of new and
existing acting talent. They are responsible for matching the ideal actor to
each role, based on a number of factors, such as the actor's experience,
ability, reputation, availability and box office appeal. Casting Directors also
work closely with Production Accountants to prepare the casting budget. They
organise and conduct interviews and auditions for each part, and are also in
charge of offering each Actor an appropriate fee to appear in the film. They
also draw up and negotiate the terms and conditions of contracts with agents.
Concept Artist
Concept Artists work on big budget sci-fi, fantasy or
historical films where visual and special effects create design spectacles,
fantastical creatures or other invented elements. There are usually a number of
Concept Artists, each working on a specific element, e.g., a fantastical
creature and/or scene. Concept Artists start work at the beginning of
pre-production, up to six months before filming is due to begin.
Location Manager
The Location Managers' primary role is to identify and find
ideal locations for a film shoot. They report to the Producer, Director and
Production Designer. The search for exactly the right location can take months
of research and scouting. Work starts in
pre-production, to understand the Director’s creative vision for the film. This
helps the Location Manager make the right decisions about potential locations.
Screenwriter
Screenwriters create screenplays for films. They provide the
blueprint for the creative input of the Producer, Director, Production
Designer, Composer and Editor, cast and crew. Screenplays should allow whoever
is reading it to imagine how the film will work on screen. It should feature
fascinating characters, an exciting plot, and a great idea for a marketable
film. It should also fit in with basic principles of dramatic construction, and
fit the format and style expected in the industry.
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